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OUTFILE

OUTFILE​

Name​

OURFILE

description​

This statement is used to export query results to a file using the SELECT INTO OUTFILE command. Currently, it supports exporting to remote storage, such as HDFS, S3, BOS, COS (Tencent Cloud), through the Broker process, through the S3 protocol, or directly through the HDFS protocol.

grammar:

query_stmt
INTO OUTFILE "file_path"
[format_as]
[properties]

illustrate:

  1. file_path

    filepath points to the path where the file is stored and the file prefix. Such as `hdfs://path/to/my_file`.

    The final filename will consist of `my_file_`, the file number and the file format suffix. The file serial number starts from 0, and the number is the number of files to be divided. Such as:

    my_file_abcdefg_0.csv
    my_file_abcdefg_1.csv
    my_file_abcdegf_2.csv

  2. format_as

    FORMAT AS CSV

    Specifies the export format. Supported formats include CSV, PARQUET, CSV_WITH_NAMES, CSV_WITH_NAMES_AND_TYPES and ORC. Default is CSV.

  3. properties

    Specify related properties. Currently exporting via the Broker process, or via the S3 protocol is supported.

    grammar:
    [PROPERTIES ("key"="value", ...)]
    The following properties are supported:
    column_separator: column separator. <version since="1.2.0">Support mulit-bytes, such as: "\\x01", "abc"</version>
    line_delimiter: line delimiter. <version since="1.2.0">Support mulit-bytes, such as: "\\x01", "abc"</version>
    max_file_size: the size limit of a single file, if the result exceeds this value, it will be cut into multiple files.

    Broker related properties need to be prefixed with `broker.`:
    broker.name: broker name
    broker.hadoop.security.authentication: specify the authentication method as kerberos
    broker.kerberos_principal: specifies the principal of kerberos
    broker.kerberos_keytab: specifies the path to the keytab file of kerberos. The file must be the absolute path to the file on the server where the broker process is located. and can be accessed by the Broker process

    HDFS related properties:
    fs.defaultFS: namenode address and port
    hadoop.username: hdfs username
    dfs.nameservices: if hadoop enable HA, please set fs nameservice. See hdfs-site.xml
    dfs.ha.namenodes.[nameservice ID]：unique identifiers for each NameNode in the nameservice. See hdfs-site.xml
    dfs.namenode.rpc-address.[nameservice ID].[name node ID]`：the fully-qualified RPC address for each NameNode to listen on. See hdfs-site.xml
    dfs.client.failover.proxy.provider.[nameservice ID]：the Java class that HDFS clients use to contact the Active NameNode, usually it is org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.ha.ConfiguredFailoverProxyProvider

    For a kerberos-authentication enabled Hadoop cluster, additional properties need to be set:
    dfs.namenode.kerberos.principal: HDFS namenode service principal
    hadoop.security.authentication: kerberos
    hadoop.kerberos.principal: the Kerberos pincipal that Doris will use when connectiong to HDFS.
    hadoop.kerberos.keytab: HDFS client keytab location.

    For the S3 protocol, you can directly execute the S3 protocol configuration:
    AWS_ENDPOINT
    AWS_ACCESS_KEY
    AWS_SECRET_KEY
    AWS_REGION
    use_path_stype: (optional) default false . The S3 SDK uses the virtual-hosted style by default. However, some object storage systems may not be enabled or support virtual-hosted style access. At this time, we can add the use_path_style parameter to force the use of path style access method.

example​

  1. Use the broker method to export, and export the simple query results to the file hdfs://path/to/result.txt. Specifies that the export format is CSV. Use my_broker and set kerberos authentication information. Specify the column separator as , and the row separator as \n.

    SELECT * FROM tbl
    INTO OUTFILE "hdfs://path/to/result_"
    FORMAT AS CSV
    PROPERTIES
    (
        "broker.name" = "my_broker",
        "broker.hadoop.security.authentication" = "kerberos",
        "broker.kerberos_principal" = "doris@YOUR.COM",
        "broker.kerberos_keytab" = "/home/doris/my.keytab",
        "column_separator" = ",",
        "line_delimiter" = "\n",
        "max_file_size" = "100MB"
    );

    If the final generated file is not larger than 100MB, it will be: result_0.csv. If larger than 100MB, it may be result_0.csv, result_1.csv, ....

  2. Export the simple query results to the file hdfs://path/to/result.parquet. Specify the export format as PARQUET. Use my_broker and set kerberos authentication information.

    SELECT c1, c2, c3 FROM tbl
    INTO OUTFILE "hdfs://path/to/result_"
    FORMAT AS PARQUET
    PROPERTIES
    (
        "broker.name" = "my_broker",
        "broker.hadoop.security.authentication" = "kerberos",
        "broker.kerberos_principal" = "doris@YOUR.COM",
        "broker.kerberos_keytab" = "/home/doris/my.keytab",
        "schema"="required,int32,c1;required,byte_array,c2;required,byte_array,c2"
    );

    Exporting query results to parquet files requires explicit schema.

  3. Export the query result of the CTE statement to the file hdfs://path/to/result.txt. The default export format is CSV. Use my_broker and set hdfs high availability information. Use the default row and column separators.

    WITH
    x1 AS
    (SELECT k1, k2 FROM tbl1),
    x2 AS
    (SELECT k3 FROM tbl2)
    SELEC k1 FROM x1 UNION SELECT k3 FROM x2
    INTO OUTFILE "hdfs://path/to/result_"
    PROPERTIES
    (
        "broker.name" = "my_broker",
        "broker.username"="user",
        "broker.password"="passwd",
        "broker.dfs.nameservices" = "my_ha",
        "broker.dfs.ha.namenodes.my_ha" = "my_namenode1, my_namenode2",
        "broker.dfs.namenode.rpc-address.my_ha.my_namenode1" = "nn1_host:rpc_port",
        "broker.dfs.namenode.rpc-address.my_ha.my_namenode2" = "nn2_host:rpc_port",
        "broker.dfs.client.failover.proxy.provider" = "org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.ha.ConfiguredFailoverProxyProvider"
    );

    If the final generated file is not larger than 1GB, it will be: result_0.csv. If larger than 1GB, it may be result_0.csv, result_1.csv, ....

  4. Export the query result of the UNION statement to the file bos://bucket/result.txt. Specify the export format as PARQUET. Use my_broker and set hdfs high availability information. The PARQUET format does not require a column delimiter to be specified. After the export is complete, an identity file is generated.

    SELECT k1 FROM tbl1 UNION SELECT k2 FROM tbl1
    INTO OUTFILE "bos://bucket/result_"
    FORMAT AS PARQUET
    PROPERTIES
    (
        "broker.name" = "my_broker",
        "broker.bos_endpoint" = "http://bj.bcebos.com",
        "broker.bos_accesskey" = "xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx",
        "broker.bos_secret_accesskey" = "yyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyy",
        "schema"="required,int32,k1;required,byte_array,k2"
    );

  5. Export the query result of the select statement to the file s3a://${bucket_name}/path/result.txt. Specify the export format as csv. After the export is complete, an identity file is generated.

    select k1,k2,v1 from tbl1 limit 100000
    into outfile "s3a://my_bucket/export/my_file_"
    FORMAT AS CSV
    PROPERTIES
    (
        "broker.name" = "hdfs_broker",
        "broker.fs.s3a.access.key" = "xxx",
        "broker.fs.s3a.secret.key" = "xxxx",
        "broker.fs.s3a.endpoint" = "https://cos.xxxxxx.myqcloud.com/",
        "column_separator" = ",",
        "line_delimiter" = "\n",
        "max_file_size" = "1024MB",
        "success_file_name" = "SUCCESS"
    )

    If the final generated file is not larger than 1GB, it will be: my_file_0.csv. If larger than 1GB, it may be my_file_0.csv, result_1.csv, .... Verify on cos

       1. A path that does not exist will be automatically created
       2. Access.key/secret.key/endpoint needs to be confirmed with students of cos. Especially the value of endpoint does not need to fill in bucket_name.

  6. Use the s3 protocol to export to bos, and enable concurrent export.

    set enable_parallel_outfile = true;
    select k1 from tb1 limit 1000
    into outfile "s3://my_bucket/export/my_file_"
    format as csv
    properties
    (
        "AWS_ENDPOINT" = "http://s3.bd.bcebos.com",
        "AWS_ACCESS_KEY" = "xxxx",
        "AWS_SECRET_KEY" = "xxx",
        "AWS_REGION" = "bd"
    )

    The resulting file is prefixed with my_file_{fragment_instance_id}_.

  7. Use the s3 protocol to export to bos, and enable concurrent export of session variables. Note: However, since the query statement has a top-level sorting node, even if the concurrently exported session variable is enabled for this query, it cannot be exported concurrently.

    set enable_parallel_outfile = true;
    select k1 from tb1 order by k1 limit 1000
    into outfile "s3://my_bucket/export/my_file_"
    format as csv
    properties
    (
        "AWS_ENDPOINT" = "http://s3.bd.bcebos.com",
        "AWS_ACCESS_KEY" = "xxxx",
        "AWS_SECRET_KEY" = "xxx",
        "AWS_REGION" = "bd"
    )

  8. Use hdfs export to export simple query results to the file hdfs://${host}:${fileSystem_port}/path/to/result.txt. Specify the export format as CSV and the user name as work. Specify the column separator as , and the row separator as \n.

    -- the default port of fileSystem_port is 9000
    SELECT * FROM tbl
    INTO OUTFILE "hdfs://${host}:${fileSystem_port}/path/to/result_"
    FORMAT AS CSV
    PROPERTIES
    (
        "fs.defaultFS" = "hdfs://ip:port",
        "hadoop.username" = "work"
    );

    If the Hadoop cluster is highly available and Kerberos authentication is enabled, you can refer to the following SQL statement:

    SELECT * FROM tbl
    INTO OUTFILE "hdfs://path/to/result_"
    FORMAT AS CSV
    PROPERTIES
    (
    'fs.defaultFS'='hdfs://hacluster/',
    'dfs.nameservices'='hacluster',
    'dfs.ha.namenodes.hacluster'='n1,n2',
    'dfs.namenode.rpc-address.hacluster.n1'='192.168.0.1:8020',
    'dfs.namenode.rpc-address.hacluster.n2'='192.168.0.2:8020',
    'dfs.client.failover.proxy.provider.hacluster'='org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.ha.ConfiguredFailoverProxyProvider',
    'dfs.namenode.kerberos.principal'='hadoop/_HOST@REALM.COM'
    'hadoop.security.authentication'='kerberos',
    'hadoop.kerberos.principal'='doris_test@REALM.COM',
    'hadoop.kerberos.keytab'='/path/to/doris_test.keytab'
    );

    If the final generated file is not larger than 100MB, it will be: `result_0.csv`.
    If larger than 100MB, it may be `result_0.csv, result_1.csv, ...`.

  9. Export the query result of the select statement to the file cosn://${bucket_name}/path/result.txt on Tencent Cloud Object Storage (COS). Specify the export format as csv. After the export is complete, an identity file is generated.

    select k1,k2,v1 from tbl1 limit 100000
    into outfile "cosn://my_bucket/export/my_file_"
    FORMAT AS CSV
    PROPERTIES
    (
        "broker.name" = "broker_name",
        "broker.fs.cosn.userinfo.secretId" = "xxx",
        "broker.fs.cosn.userinfo.secretKey" = "xxxx",
        "broker.fs.cosn.bucket.endpoint_suffix" = "https://cos.xxxxxx.myqcloud.com/",
        "column_separator" = ",",
        "line_delimiter" = "\n",
        "max_file_size" = "1024MB",
        "success_file_name" = "SUCCESS"
    )

keywords​

OUTFILE

Best Practice​

  1. Export data volume and export efficiency

    This function essentially executes an SQL query command. The final result is a single-threaded output. Therefore, the time-consuming of the entire export includes the time-consuming of the query itself and the time-consuming of writing the final result set. If the query is large, you need to set the session variable query_timeout to appropriately extend the query timeout.

  2. Management of export files

    Doris does not manage exported files. Including the successful export, or the remaining files after the export fails, all need to be handled by the user.

  3. Export to local file

    The ability to export to a local file is not available for public cloud users, only for private deployments. And the default user has full control over the cluster nodes. Doris will not check the validity of the export path filled in by the user. If the process user of Doris does not have write permission to the path, or the path does not exist, an error will be reported. At the same time, for security reasons, if a file with the same name already exists in this path, the export will also fail.

    Doris does not manage files exported locally, nor does it check disk space, etc. These files need to be managed by the user, such as cleaning and so on.

  4. Results Integrity Guarantee

    This command is a synchronous command, so it is possible that the task connection is disconnected during the execution process, so that it is impossible to live the exported data whether it ends normally, or whether it is complete. At this point, you can use the success_file_name parameter to request that a successful file identifier be generated in the directory after the task is successful. Users can use this file to determine whether the export ends normally.

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