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ST_TOUCHES

描述​

判断两个几何图形是否仅边界接触（即边界存在公共点，但内部无任何交集）。具体来说：

若两个图形的边界有至少一个公共点，且内部完全不相交（无重叠区域），则返回 1； 若边界无公共点，或内部存在交集（即使边界也接触），则返回 0。

该函数用于区分 “仅边界接触” 与 “内部相交” 两种场景，例如相邻多边形的共享边（仅边界接触）、线与多边形的切点（仅边界接触）等

语法​

ST_TOUCHES( <shape1>, <shape2>)

参数​

参数说明
<shape1>用于判断是否接触的第一个几何图形，支持 Point、LineString、Polygon、Circle 等类型。
<shape2>用于判断是否接触的第二个几何图形，支持 Point、LineString、Polygon、Circle 等类型

返回值​

返回 1: shape1 图形与图形 shape2 相接触

返回 0: shape1 图形与图形 shape2 不接触

边缘情况 ST_TOUCHES 存在以下边缘情况：

  • 若任一输入参数为 NULL，返回 NULL。
  • 若输入的几何图形无效，返回 NULL。
  • 若输入为空几何图形（如 POINT EMPTY），NULL。
  • 若一个图形完全包含另一个图形（内部有交集），即使边界接触，返回 0。
  • 点与图形的边界接触时（点无内部），返回 1（点的 “边界” 即自身，与图形边界重合且无内部交集）。

举例​

点在多边形界上

mysql> SELECT ST_TOUCHES(  ST_Polygon("POLYGON ((0 0, 10 0, 10 10, 0 10, 0 0))"),  ST_Point(0, 5));
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| ST_TOUCHES(  ST_Polygon("POLYGON ((0 0, 10 0, 10 10, 0 10, 0 0))"),  ST_Point(0, 5)) |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|                                                                                    1 |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

点不在多边形边界上(在几何图形内部)

mysql> SELECT ST_TOUCHES(  ST_Polygon("POLYGON ((0 0, 10 0, 10 10, 0 10, 0 0))"),  ST_Point(5, 5));
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| ST_TOUCHES(  ST_Polygon("POLYGON ((0 0, 10 0, 10 10, 0 10, 0 0))"),  ST_Point(5, 5)) |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|                                                                                    0 |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

线与线端点接触

mysql> SELECT ST_TOUCHES(  ST_Linefromtext("LINESTRING (0 0, 2 2)"),  ST_Linefromtext("LINESTRING (2 2, 4 0)"));
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| ST_TOUCHES(  ST_Linefromtext("LINESTRING (0 0, 2 2)"),  ST_Linefromtext("LINESTRING (2 2, 4 0)")) |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|                                                                                                 1 |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

线与线内部相交(不是边界接触，返回0)

mysql> SELECT ST_TOUCHES(  ST_Linefromtext("LINESTRING (0 0, 10 10)"),  ST_Linefromtext("LINESTRING (0 10, 10 0)"));
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| ST_TOUCHES(  ST_Linefromtext("LINESTRING (0 0, 10 10)"),  ST_Linefromtext("LINESTRING (0 10, 10 0)")) |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|                                                                                                     0 |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

线与多边形边界相切


mysql> SELECT ST_TOUCHES(  ST_Polygon("POLYGON ((0 0, 10 0, 10 10, 0 10, 0 0))"),  ST_Linefromtext("LINESTRING (10 5, 15 5)"));
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| ST_TOUCHES(  ST_Polygon("POLYGON ((0 0, 10 0, 10 10, 0 10, 0 0))"),  ST_Linefromtext("LINESTRING (10 5, 15 5)")) |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|                                                                                                                1 |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

线穿过多边形内部（内部相交，返回 0）



mysql> SELECT ST_TOUCHES(  ST_Polygon("POLYGON ((0 0, 10 0, 10 10, 0 10, 0 0))"),  ST_Linefromtext("LINESTRING (5 5, 15 5)"));
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| ST_TOUCHES(  ST_Polygon("POLYGON ((0 0, 10 0, 10 10, 0 10, 0 0))"),  ST_Linefromtext("LINESTRING (5 5, 15 5)")) |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|                                                                                                               0 |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

多边形与多边形共享边界（仅边界接触，返回 1）

mysql> SELECT ST_TOUCHES(  ST_Polygon("POLYGON ((0 0, 5 0, 5 5, 0 5, 0 0))"),  ST_Polygon("POLYGON ((5 0, 10 0, 10 5, 5 5, 5 0))"));
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| ST_TOUCHES(  ST_Polygon("POLYGON ((0 0, 5 0, 5 5, 0 5, 0 0))"),  ST_Polygon("POLYGON ((5 0, 10 0, 10 5, 5 5, 5 0))")) |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|                                                                                                                     1 |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

多边形与多边形部分重叠（内部相交，返回 0）

mysql> SELECT ST_TOUCHES(  ST_Polygon("POLYGON ((0 0, 10 0, 10 10, 0 10, 0 0))"),  ST_Polygon("POLYGON ((5 5, 15 5, 15 15, 5 15, 5 5))"));
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| ST_TOUCHES(  ST_Polygon("POLYGON ((0 0, 10 0, 10 10, 0 10, 0 0))"),  ST_Polygon("POLYGON ((5 5, 15 5, 15 15, 5 15, 5 5))")) |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|                                                                                                                           0 |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

空图形与多边形（不接触，返回 0）

mysql> SELECT ST_TOUCHES(  ST_Polygon("POLYGON ((0 0, 10 0, 10 10, 0 10, 0 0))"),  ST_GeometryFromText("POINT EMPTY"))
    -> ;
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| ST_TOUCHES(  ST_Polygon("POLYGON ((0 0, 10 0, 10 10, 0 10, 0 0))"),  ST_GeometryFromText("POINT EMPTY")) |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|                                                                                                     NULL |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

无效自相交多边形（返回 NULL）


mysql> SELECT ST_TOUCHES(  ST_Polygon("POLYGON ((0 0, 1 1, 0 1, 1 0, 0 0))"),ST_Point(0.5, 0.5));
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| ST_TOUCHES(  ST_Polygon("POLYGON ((0 0, 1 1, 0 1, 1 0, 0 0))"),ST_Point(0.5, 0.5)) |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|                                                                               NULL |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

参数为 NULL（返回 NULL）

mysql> SELECT ST_TOUCHES(NULL, ST_Point(5, 5));
+----------------------------------+
| ST_TOUCHES(NULL, ST_Point(5, 5)) |
+----------------------------------+
|                             NULL |
+----------------------------------+
mysql> SELECT ST_TOUCHES(ST_Polygon("POLYGON ((0 0, 10 0, 10 10, 0 10, 0 0))"), NULL);
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| ST_TOUCHES(ST_Polygon("POLYGON ((0 0, 10 0, 10 10, 0 10, 0 0))"), NULL) |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|                                                                    NULL |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+

圆与线相切

mysql> SELECT ST_TOUCHES(  ST_Circle(0, 0, 5),  ST_Linefromtext("LINESTRING (-10 5, 10 5)"));
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| ST_TOUCHES(  ST_Circle(0, 0, 5),  ST_Linefromtext("LINESTRING (-10 5, 10 5)")) |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|                                                                              1 |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

圆与点边界相交


mysql> SELECT ST_TOUCHES(  ST_Circle(0, 0, 5),  ST_Point(5, 0));
+---------------------------------------------------+
| ST_TOUCHES(  ST_Circle(0, 0, 5),  ST_Point(5, 0)) |
+---------------------------------------------------+
|                                                 1 |
+---------------------------------------------------+

两圆相切

mysql> SELECT ST_TOUCHES(  ST_Circle(0, 0, 5),  ST_Circle(10, 0, 5));
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| ST_TOUCHES(  ST_Circle(0, 0, 5),  ST_Circle(10, 0, 5)) |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
|                                                      1 |
+--------------------------------------------------------+

点在圆内部不相切

mysql> SELECT ST_TOUCHES(  ST_Circle(0, 0, 5),  ST_Point(4, 0));
+---------------------------------------------------+
| ST_TOUCHES(  ST_Circle(0, 0, 5),  ST_Point(4, 0)) |
+---------------------------------------------------+
|                                                 0 |
+---------------------------------------------------+

线与圆相交，返回0

mysql> SELECT ST_TOUCHES(  ST_Circle(0, 0, 5),  ST_Linefromtext("LINESTRING (-10 0, 10 0)"));
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| ST_TOUCHES(  ST_Circle(0, 0, 5),  ST_Linefromtext("LINESTRING (-10 0, 10 0)")) |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|                                                                              0 |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

圆与多边形相切

mysql> SELECT ST_TOUCHES(  ST_Polygon("POLYGON ((0 0, 10 0, 10 10, 0 10, 0 0))"),  ST_Circle(15, 5, 5));
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| ST_TOUCHES(  ST_Polygon("POLYGON ((0 0, 10 0, 10 10, 0 10, 0 0))"),  ST_Circle(15, 5, 5)) |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|                                                                                         1 |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

圆与多边形相交，返回0

mysql> SELECT ST_TOUCHES(  ST_Polygon("POLYGON ((0 0, 10 0, 10 10, 0 10, 0 0))"),  ST_Circle(8, 5, 3));
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| ST_TOUCHES(  ST_Polygon("POLYGON ((0 0, 10 0, 10 10, 0 10, 0 0))"),  ST_Circle(8, 5, 3)) |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|                                                                                        0 |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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